śloka - Sorrow, stanza, noise of grinding


“Noise, as of the wheels of a carriage or the grinding of stones. Sorrow.” Emerging from Valmiki’s rage and grief at seeing one bird of a pair killed by a hunter. This is why I do not use the word sloka, in reference to the Vijnana Bhairava Tantra, even though it is one of the names for a classic meter. Sloka is entirely appropriate for the heartbreaking stories of the Ramayana and Mahabharata. iI does not fit with the free-flowing ease of the Bhairava Tantra.

śloka
  • m. (prob. connected with √1. śru R. i , 2 , 33 gives a fanciful derivation fr. śoka , " sorrow " , the first śloka having been composed by vālmīki grieved at seeing a bird killed) sound , noise (as of the wheels of a carriage or the grinding of stones &c ) RV.
  • a call or voice (of the gods)
  • fame renown , glory , praise , hymn of praise
  • a proverb , maxim
  • a stanza , (esp.) a partic. kind of common epic metre (also called anu-ṣṭubh q.v. ; consisting of 4 pādas or quarter verses of 8 syllables each , or 2 lines of 16 syllables each , each line allowing great liberty except in the 5th , 13th , 14th and 15th syllables which should be unchangeable as in the following scheme , 8. 1. 8-8. , the dots denoting either long or short ; but the 6th and 7th syllables should be long ; or if the 6th is short the 7th should be short also)
  • N. of a sāman

ślóka [p= 1104,3] [L=224151]
 (prob. connected with √1. śru R. i , 2 , 33 gives a fanciful derivation fr. śoka , " sorrow " , the first śloka having been composed by vālmīki grieved at seeing a bird killed) sound , noise (as of the wheels of a carriage or the grinding of stones &c ) RV.




esp.) a partic. kind of common epic metre (also called anu-ṣṭubh q.v. ; consisting of 4 pādas or quarter verses of 8 syllables each , or 2 lines of 16 syllables each , each line allowing great liberty except in the 5th , 13th , 14th and 15th syllables which should be unchangeable as in the following scheme , 8. 1. 8-8. , the dots denoting either long or short ; but the 6th and 7th syllables should be long ; or if the 6th is short the 7th should be short also)

 of a sāman
(H2) m.
[L=224152]a call or voice (of the gods)
[L=224153]fame renown , glory , praise , hymn of praise
[L=224154]a proverb , maxim
[L=224155]a stanza , (
[L=224156]N.

śoka
śoka [p= 1081,3]
 [p= 1091,1]
 ( √ śuc) burning , hot
 (ifc. f(ā).) flame , glow , heat
 sorrow , affliction , anguish , pain , trouble , grief for (gen. or comp.) RV. &c
 Sorrow personified (as a son of Death or of droṇa and abhimati) Pur.
 śokámfn.

m.

m.

m.


Sloka as Sorrow



Rama in Indian literature, art & thought: Volume 1
unknown
Priyatosh Banerjee - 1986 - 320 pages - Snippet view
Valmiki's Rdmayana owes its origin to his deep sense of sorrow. One day when Valmlki went to the river Tamasa with ... From Valmiki's §oka (deep sorrow) was born a Sloka (a new poetic metre). Thus, his deep experience of sorrow led to ...
books.google.com

The Gītā and Tulasī-Rāmāyaṇa: their common call for the good of all
unknown
Satya P. Agarwal - 2000 - 246 pages - Snippet view
creator Brahma linked the origin of 'sloka' to 'soka' or grief which ValmTki felt because of compassion towards a bird that was killed ... These things happened to start you on the story of Rama. From 'soka' (sorrow) sprang the ' sloka' ...
books.google.com


Windows into the infinite: a guide to the Hindu scriptures
unknown
Barbara Powell - 1996 - 458 pages - Snippet view
Prologue: The Origin of the Sloka Meter Valmiki, the poet who set the story of Rama to verse, was a contemporary of Rama's. ... It was by witnessing this terrible sorrow that Valmiki had been moved to invent the Sloka meter, ...
books.google.com

The Ramayana tradition in Southeast Asia
unknown
S. Singaravelu - 2004 - 365 pages - Snippet view
Valmiki was moved by sorrow (soka) on hearing the pitiable lament of the female bird. He cursed the hunter, and his words took the shape of sloka. He wondered at his own utterances and stressed the relation between soka and sloka and ...
books.google.com

A Sanskrit-English dictionary: etymologically and philologically ... - Page 953
unknown
Sir Monier Monier-Williams - 2005 - 1333 pages - Preview
N. of a Siman, SV.; -keta, N. of a mountain, MW. ; -id, f. freedom from sorrow, MBh. ; M irk P. ; -data, m. ... sloka, mfn. destitute of fame, Ping. ; m. a kind of metre, ib. ; Col . — sha- mi, see s. v . -shkandha {vl-), n. ...
books.google.com

The Indian heritage: an anthology of Sanskrit literature
unknown
V. Raghavan - 1956 - 447 pages - Snippet view
He exclaimed: "Let what has issued from me in sorrow (soka) be poetry (sloka).1 Valmiki retired to his hermitage after ... is used as explaining the origin of poetry and as the basis of the aesthetic theory of emotional response, Rasa. ...
books.google.com







The first śloka
Valmiki was going to the river Ganga for his daily ablutions. A disciple by the name Bharadwaja was carrying his clothes. On the way, they came across the Tamasa Stream. Looking at the stream, Valmiki said to his disciple, "Look, how clear is this water, like the mind of a good man! I will bathe here today." When he was looking for a suitable place to step into the stream, he heard the sweet chirping of birds. Looking up, he saw two birds flying together. Valmiki felt very pleased on seeing the happy bird couple. Suddenly, one of the birds fell down, hit by an arrow; it was the male bird. Seeing the wounded one, its mate screamed in agony. Valmiki's heart melted at this pitiful sight. He looked around to find out who had shot the bird. He saw a hunter with a bow and arrows, nearby. Valmiki became very angry. His lips opened and he uttered the following words:
/*ॐ मा निषाद प्रतिष्ठां त्वमगमः शास्वती समः यत् क्रौञ्चमिथुनादेकमवधीः काममोहितम्*/
mā niṣāda pratiṣṭhāṁ tvamagamaḥ śāśvatīḥ samāḥ
yat krauñcamithunādekam avadhīḥ kāmamohitam[8]

You will find no rest for the long years of Eternity
For you killed a bird in love and unsuspecting[9]

Emerging spontaneously from his rage and grief, this was the first śloka in Sanskrit literature. Later Valmiki composed the entire Ramayana with the blessings of Lord Brahma in the same meter that issued forth from him as the śloka. Thus this śloka is revered as the "first śloka" in Hindu literature. Valmiki is revered as the first poet, or Adi Kavi, and the Ramayana, the first kavya.
His first disciples to whom he taught the Ramayana were Kusha and Lava, the sons of Rama.He is the god of nayaka community



  1. ^ Sacred-Texts.com IAST encoded transliteration (modified from original source to accurately reflect sandhi rules)
  2. ^ Buck, William and van Nooten, B. A. Ramayana. 2000, page 7
from Wikipedia




Sanskrit Words for Verse


1 ativāda (verse) 2 atirātra (verse) 3 atyagniṣṭoma (verse) 4 anuvākyā (verse) 5 anuṣṭupkarmīṇa (verse) 6 anuṣṭupśiras (verse) 7 anuṣṭupśīrṣan (verse) 8 anusāma (verse) 9 anṛc (verse) 10 antaḥpādam (verse) 11 anvṛcam (verse) 12 apavrata (verse) 13 abhivac (verse) 14 abhyanuvac (verse) 15 abhyāsa (verse) 16 abhyāsākūpāra (verse) 17 abhyukta (verse) 18 abhrātṛvya (verse) 19 amantra (verse) 20 amantraka (verse) 21 amā (verse) 22 ayonika (verse) 23 araṇyenūcya (verse) 24 arikthabhāj (verse) 25 ardhapada (verse) 26 ardharca (verse) 27 ardhāntaraikapadatā (verse) 28 arbudi (verse) 29 avasāna (verse) 30 avasānya (verse) 31 avasita (verse) 32 aṣṭāpad (verse) 33 aṣṭāpadā (verse) 34 ahāvas (verse) 35 āgnipātnīvatī (verse) 36 āgnipāvamānī (verse) 37 āgneyaindrā (verse) 38 āṅgirasapavitra (verse) 39 āpīnavat (verse) 40 āmahīyā (verse) 41 ārcika (verse) 42 āryāgīti (verse) 43 ās (verse) 44 āstārapaṅkti (verse) 45 iḍ (verse) 46 idam (verse) 47 uktha (verse) 48 ukthavidha (verse) 49 ukthaśas (verse) 50 ukthaśasa (verse) 51 ukthasaṃpad (verse) 52 ukthya (verse) 53 ucatha (verse) 54 utkacchā (verse) 55 uttarā (verse) 56 utthāpanī (verse) 57 ud (verse) 58 upavatī (verse) 59 upaspṛś (verse) 60 upoktavatī (verse) 61 uśanas (verse) 62 ṛkchas (verse) 63 ṛkśas (verse) 64 ṛgvirāma (verse) 65 ṛc (verse) 66 ṛca (verse) 67 ekapadā (verse) 68 ekapātin (verse) 69 ekarca (verse) 70 eva (verse) 71 aindrī (verse) 72 kalikā (verse) 73 kavitā (verse) 74 kaśyapā (verse) 75 kāntakalikā (verse) 76 kārikā (verse) 77 kila (verse) 78 kumbyā (verse) 79 kulaka (verse) 80 kḷp (verse) 81 kroḍa (verse) 82 khaḍgabandha (verse) 83 gaṇḍagopāla (verse) 84 gāthā (verse) 85 gāyatra (verse) 86 gir (verse) 87 gomūtrajāti (verse) 88 gomūtrikā (verse) 89 gaurīgāyatrikā (verse) 90 gaurīgāyatrī (verse) 91 grantha (verse) 92 ghṛtayājyā (verse) 93 ghṛtavat (verse) 94 campū (verse) 95 campūbhārata (verse) 96 campūrāmāyaṇa (verse) 97 citrāvasu (verse) 98 cūrṇaka (verse) 99 ced (verse) 100 chanacchaniti (verse) 101 jambhaka (verse) 102 timirodghāṭa (verse) 103 tu (verse) 104 tūṣṇīṃśaṃsa (verse) 105 tṛcabhāgā (verse) 106 tmanyā (verse) 107 dadhikrāvatī (verse) 108 durgatariṇī (verse) 109 dūrohaṇa (verse) 110 dhāyyā (verse) 111 dhāraṇī (verse) 112 dhuvakā (verse) 113 dhruva (verse) 114 nalacampū (verse) 115 nāḍā (verse) 116 nigrābha (verse) 117 ninṛt (verse) 118 niyutvat (verse) 119 nirukta (verse) 120 nu (verse) 121 no (verse) 122 padanuṣaṅga (verse) 123 pada (verse) 124 padanidhana (verse) 125 padapūraṇa (verse) 126 padavirāma (verse) 127 padādi (verse) 128 padāvagrāham (verse) 129 padya (verse) 130 padmabandha (verse) 131 paridhānīyā (verse) 132 paryāhāva (verse) 133 pāṇigrahaṇamantra (verse) 134 pāda (verse) 135 pādatas (verse) 136 pādapūraṇa (verse) 137 pādavṛtta (verse) 138 pādaśas (verse) 139 pādādi (verse) 140 pādādimadhyayamaka (verse) 141 pādādiyamaka (verse) 142 pādādyantayamaka (verse) 143 pādānta (verse) 144 pādāntayamaka (verse) 145 pitṛliṅga (verse) 146 punaḥpada (verse) 147 puronuvākyā (verse) 148 puronuvākyāvat (verse) 149 puṣṭikarman (verse) 150 praṇāśin (verse) 151 pratinyūṅkhaya (verse) 152 pratipādam (verse) 153 pratimantram (verse) 154 pratimālā (verse) 155 pratyṛcam (verse) 156 pratipad (verse) 157 prativacana (verse) 158 pratyakṣakṛtā (verse) 159 pratīka (verse) 160 praśnottara (verse) 161 prasthitayājyā (verse) 162 praharaṇa (verse) 163 prājāpatyā (verse) 164 prātarmantra (verse) 165 bandh (verse) 166 bindumatī (verse) 167 brahmāṇīmantra (verse) 168 bhakṣamantra (verse) 169 bhadra (verse) 170 bharatavākya (verse) 171 bhāgapāṭha (verse) 172 mantra (verse) 173 mantrakaraṇa (verse) 174 martavatī (verse) 175 mahāyamaka (verse) 176 mahīyā (verse) 177 māciram (verse) 178 mṛtyuṃjayajapa (verse) 179 yajuryukta (verse) 180 yajñagāthā (verse) 181 yatkiṃcedam (verse) 182 yamagāthā (verse) 183 yamakabhārata (verse) 184 yājyā (verse) 185 yoni (verse) 186 raśmivatī (verse) 187 rasaprāśanī (verse) 188 rāmamantra (verse) 189 ruṅmatī (verse) 190 retasyā (verse) 191 revatī (verse) 192 lakṣmī (verse) 193 lalitapadabandhana (verse) 194 lokagāthā (verse) 195 vaṣaṭ (verse) 196 vicchandas (verse) 197 vikṛti (verse) 198 vicchitti (verse) 199 viccheda (verse) 200 viniyoga (verse) 201 vindatvatī (verse) 202 vipathayamaka (verse) 203 viruda (verse) 204 vīraviruda (verse) 205 vṛkkāvatī (verse) 206 vṛtta (verse) 207 vṛttayamaka (verse) 208 vṛttānusārāt (verse) 209 vṛtti (verse) 210 vedamantra (verse) 211 śakvarītva (verse) 212 śakala (verse) 213 śaṃnodevī (verse) 214 śaṃkarānanda (verse) 215 śārīrakanyāyasaṃgraha (verse) 216 śikhā (verse) 217 śipiviṣṭavatī (verse) 218 śiras (verse) 219 śunaṃhuvīyā (verse) 220 śūraśloka (verse) 221 śekhara (verse) 222 ślokatva (verse) 223 ṣaṭpad (verse) 224 ṣaṭpada (verse) 225 ṣaḍāvali (verse) 226 saṃkṣepaśārīraka (verse) 227 saṃgrahaśloka (verse) 228 sacchanda (verse) 229 sajātavanasyā (verse) 230 sadvat (verse) 231 saptavatī (verse) 232 samanugai (verse) 233 samiti (verse) 234 samidvat (verse) 235 samudga (verse) 236 savitṛ (verse) 237 sāman (verse) 238 sāmanī (verse) 239 sāmidhenī (verse) 240 sāvitra (verse) 241 sāvitri (verse) 242 sāvitrī (verse) 243 siddhimantra (verse) 244 sivasa (verse) 245 sutavat (verse) 246 su (verse) 247 sunītha (verse) 248 suvacasyā (verse) 249 surabhimatī (verse) 250 sūkta (verse) 251 sūkti (verse) 252 sūdadohas (verse) 253 somakaraṇī (verse) 254 saubharī (verse) 255 stotriyā (verse) 256 stotrīyā (verse) 257 sthitavat (verse) 258 ha (verse) 259 haṃsavatī (verse) 260 harivat (verse) 261 hariśayā (verse) 262 havyasūkti (verse) 263 hiraṇyagarbhavatī (verse) 264 hiraṇyavarṇa (verse) 265 agrimavatī (verse) 266 aṇu (verse) 267 adhyāsyā (verse) 268 anantaḥpādam (verse) 269 upadhānaliṅga (verse) 270 ūtimatī (verse) 271 parītoyoni (verse) 272 pānamantra (verse)
 ativāda
áti--vāda [p= 13,1] [L=2788]
 abusive language


 of a Vedic verse AitBr.
(H3) m.
[L=2789]reproof
[L=2790]N.
 atirātra
ati-rātrá [p= 15,1] [L=3153]
 prepared or performed over-night RV. vii , 103 , 7
ati-rātrá [L=3154]
 an optional pan of the jyotiṣṭoma sacrifice
ati-rātrá [L=3155]
 commencement and conclusion of certain sacrificial acts
ati-rātrá [p= 15,2] [L=3156]
 the concluding Vedic verse chanted on such occasions AV. &c
ati-rātrá [L=3157]
 N. of a son of cākṣuṣa the sixth manu.
(H1) mfn.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
 atyagniṣṭoma
aty-agniṣṭoma [p= 16,3] [L=3397]
 N. of the second of the seven modifications of the jyotiṣṭoma sacrifice

(H1) m.
[L=3398]the Vedic verse chanted at the close of that ceremony.
 anuvākyā
anu-vākyā́ [p= 38,1] [L=7205]
 the verse to be recited by the hotṛ or maitrāvaruṇa priest , in which the god is invoked to partake of the offering intended for him S3Br.
(H2) f.
 anuṣṭupkarmīṇa
anuṣṭúp-karmī́ṇa [p= 40,1] [L=7475]
 being performed with an anuṣṭubh verse S3Br.
(H3) mfn.
 anuṣṭupśiras
anuṣṭup-śiras [L=7477]
 AitBr. ]) mfn. having an anuṣṭubh verse at the head.
(H3) ([
 anuṣṭupśīrṣan
anuṣṭup-śīrṣan [L=7478]
 AitBr. ]) mfn. having an anuṣṭubh verse at the head.
(H3) ([
 anusāma
anu-sāma [p= 41,1] [L=7594]
 at every sāman verse (?) Pa1n2. 5-4 , 75.
(H1) mfn.
 anṛc
an-ṛ́c [p= 42,1] [L=7781]
 ([ RV. x , 105 , 8 , &c ]) or anṛca ([ Mn. ]) not containing a verse from the ṛg-veda , hymnless , not conversant with the ṛg-veda
(H1) mfn.
 antaḥpādam
antáḥ--pādam [p= 43,1] [L=8005]
 within the pāda of a verse RPra1t. Pa1n2.
(H3) ind.
 anvṛcam
anv-ṛcám [p= 47,3] [L=8924]
 verse after verse S3Br.
(H1) ind.
 apavrata
ápa-vrata [p= 52,3] [L=9766]
 disobedient , unfaithful RV.

RV. v , 40 , 6

x , 103 additional verse ,= ) AV. iii , 2 , 6 = VS. xvii , 47.
(H1) mfn.
[L=9767]perverse
[L=9768](
 abhivac
abhi- √ vac [p= 68,3] [L=12275]
= abhy-anu- √vac) , " to declare or utter a verse with reference to " , only perf. Pass. p. abhy-ukta q.v.  ; 
to say to (acc.) , tell MBh. &c
(H1) (
 abhyanuvac
abhy-anu- √ vac [p= 75,3] [L=13203]
perf. -anū*vāca) to declare or state or utter with reference to (acc.) AitBr. : Pass. (3. pl. -anū*cyante) to be referred to by some statement or verse S3Br.
(H1) (
 abhyāsa
abhy-āsa 2 [p= 76,3] [L=13341]
 the act of adding anything , S3ulb.

Gr.) " what is prefixed " , the first syllable of a reduplicated radical Pa1n2.

Nir.

Mn. xii , 74 , &c

 Nir. ]) or of the last word of a chapter [Comm. on AitBr. ]

arithm.) multiplication

77,1] [L=13348]

L.

vedānta phil.) inculcation of a truth conveyed in sacred writings by means of repeating the same word or the same passage

yoga phil.) the effort of the mind to remain in its unmodified condition of purity (sattva).
abhy-āsa [p= 77,3] [L=13473]
 (abhy- √1. aś and) 2. abhy- √2. as.
(H2) m.
[L=13342](in
[L=13343]reduplication
[L=13344]repetition
[L=13345](in poetry) repetition of the last verse of a stanza ([
[L=13346](in
[L=13347]repeated or permanent exercise , discipline , use , habit , custom
[p= repeated reading , study
[L=13349]military practice
[L=13350](in later
[L=13351](in
(H1) »
 abhyāsākūpāra
abhyāsā* kūpāra [p= 77,1] [L=13358]
 " the sea of meditation " , N. of a verse of the SV.
(H3) n.
 abhyukta
abhy-ukta [p= 78,1] [L=13491]
 declared or uttered (as a verse) with reference to (acc.) S3Br. Up.
(H1) mfn.
 abhrātṛvya
a-bhrātṛvyá [p= 79,3] [L=13737]
(ā)n. having no rival RV. viii , 21 , 13 S3Br. &c
a-bhrātṛvyá [L=13738]
 N. of a verse of the SV.
(H1) mf
(H1B) n.
 amantra
a-mantra [p= 80,2] [L=13835]
 not a Vedic verse or text or any formula
a-mantra [L=13836]
(ā)n. , unaccompanied by Vedic verses or texts Mn. iii , 121
a-mantra [L=13837]
(ā)n. unentitled to or not knowing Vedic texts (as a śūdra , a female , &c ) Mn. ix , 18 and xii , 114
a-mantra [L=13838]
(ā)n. not using or applying mantra formulas Bha1m.
(H1) m.
(H1B) mf
(H1B) mf
(H1B) mf
 amantraka
a-mantraka [L=13843]
(ikā)n. unaccompanied by Vedic verses Mn. ii , 66
a-mantraka [L=13844]
 no Vedic verse or formula VarBr2S.
(H2) mf
(H2B) n.
 amā
amā́ [p= 80,1] [L=13769]
 ss.vv.
amā́ 1 [p= 81,1] [L=14011]
 (Ved. instr. fr. 2. áma q.v.) (chiefly Ved.) at home , in the house , in the house of (gen.) , with RV. &c

Pa1n2. 3-1 , 122
amā́ 1 [L=14011.2]
ā) f. = amā-vāsyā́ q.v. Comm. on Ragh. xiv , 80 (in a verse quoted from vyāsa) Comm. on Su1ryas
a-mā 2 [p= 81,2] [L=14030]
mā) f. (= a-pramāṇa) not an authority , not a standard of action Nya1yam.
(H2) »
(H1) ind.
[L=14011.1]together
(H1B) (
(H1) ( √3.
 ayonika
a-yonika [p= 86,2] [L=15001]
 without the verse containing the word yoni (i.e. VS. xxiii , 2) Ka1tyS3r.
(H2) mfn.
 araṇyenūcya
araṇye--'nū́* cya [p= 86,3] [L=15133]
 " to be recited in a forest " , N. of an oblation (so called because of its being offered with a verse which is to be recited in a forest) S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
(H3) m.
 arikthabhāj
a-riktha-bhāj [p= 88,1] [L=15325]
 not entitled to a share of property , not an heir , (in a verse quoted by the) Comm. on Ya1jn5.
(H2) mfn.
 ardhapada
ardhá--pada [p= 92,1] [L=16194]
 half a pāda (or the fourth part of a verse) La1t2y.
(H3) n.
 ardharca
ardhá--rcá [p= 92,2] [L=16244]
 (ṛsc ; cf. -ṛcá above ) half a verse AV. ix , 10 , 19 S3Br. &c
(H3) m.
 ardhāntaraikapadatā
ardhā* ntarai* kapadatā [p= 92,3] [L=16290]
 (in rhetoric) placing a single word (which belongs grammatically to one hemistich) into the other half or hemistich of the verse Sa1h.
(H3) f.
 arbudi
árbudi [p= 93,1] [L=16366]
 a serpent like demon (probably = árbuda and arbudá m. above , but called índramedhin q.v.) AV. xi , 9 and 10 (in almost every verse) (cf. ny-árbudi.)
(H2) m.
 avasāna
á-vasāna 1 [p= 105,1] [L=18271]
 ( √vas) , not dressed RV. iii , 1 , 6.
ava-sā́na 2 [L=18272]
» ava- √so.
ava-sā́na 2 [p= 105,2] [L=18320]
 (cf. ava-mocana) " where the horses are unharnessed " , stopping , resting-place , residence RV. x , 14 , 9 AV. S3Br. MBh.

Ma1nGr2.

ifc. f(ā). Ragh. i , 95) conclusion , termination , cessation Mn. ii , 71 S3ak. &c

S3ak. Pan5cat.

L.

Pra1t. Pa1n2.

AAnukr. ?? VPra1t. Ka1tyS3r.

 of a place , (g. takṣaśilā*di q.v.)
(H1) mfn.
(H1) &c
(H2) n.
[L=18321]a place chosen or selected for being built upon
[L=18322](
[L=18323]death
[L=18324]boundary , limit
[L=18325]end of a word , last part of a compound or period , end of a phrase
[L=18326]the end of the line of a verse or the line of a verse itself.
[L=18327]N.
 avasānya
avasānyá [L=18332]
 belonging to the line of a verse VS. xvi , 33.
(H2) mfn.
 avasita
áva-sita [p= 105,3] [L=18341]
 one who has put up at any place , who dwells , rests , resides RV. i , 32 , 15 and iv , 25 , 8 S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.

agni) TS.

MBh. i , 4678 , &c

abl. MBh. xii , 7888 ; or in comp. Ya1jn5. ii , 183)

BhP.

BhP.


loc.) BhP.

» ava-sā́na) RPra1t. VPra1t.

&c ) L.

L.
áva-sita [L=18352]
 " a dwelling-place " » navā*vasitá.
avasita [p= 1317,1] [L=315090]
comp.)
(H2) mfn.
[L=18342]brought to his abode (as
[L=18343]ended , terminated , finished , completed
[L=18344]one who has given up anything (
[L=18345]determined , fixed
[L=18346]ascertained
[L=18347]known , understood
[L=18348]one who is determined to (
[L=18349]being at end of the line of a verse (
[L=18350]stored (as grain
[L=18351]gone
(H2B) n.
(H2) (in
 aṣṭāpad
aṣṭā́--pad [p= 116,3] [L=20277]
(-padī)n. (aṣṭā́-) only f. -padī (a verse) having eight lines , eightfold (as speech or verses) RV. AV.

 (in ritual language) a pregnant animal VS. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. (also neg. án-aṣṭāpadi , " not a pregnant animal " S3Br. )

 a wild sort of jasmin L.
(H3) mf
[L=20277.1]mfn.
[L=20277.2]mfn.
 aṣṭāpadā
aṣṭā--padā [L=20286]
 (i.e. ric) a verse consisting of eight padas.
(H3B) f.
 ahāvas
ahā́vas [p= 125,1] [L=21799]
 an interjection said to sound like a flourish at the end of a sāman verse S3Br. iv.
(H1) ind.
 āgnipātnīvatī
āgnipātnī-vatī [p= 130,1] [L=22671]
 (scil. ṛc) the verse containing the words ágne pátnīr (i.e. RV. i , 22 , 9) , KaushBr.
(H2) f.
 āgnipāvamānī
āgnipāvamānī [p= 130,2] [L=22672]
 (scil. ṛc) the verse containing the words ágne pavase (i.e. RV. ix , 66 , 19) Ta1n2d2yaBr. (cf. āgneya-pāv°.)
(H2) f.
 āgneyaindrā
āgneyai* ndrā [L=22723]
 āgneyy-aindrī i.e. ṛc , a verse addressed to agni and indra Ta1n2d2yaBr.
(H3B) f.
 āṅgirasapavitra
āṅgirasá--pavitra [p= 131,2] [L=22848]
 N. of the verse RV. iv , 40 , 5 A1p.
(H3) n.
 āpīnavat
ā́-pīna--vat [p= 144,1] [L=25068]
 containing a form of ā- √pyai (as the verse RV. i , 91 , 16) AitBr. i , 17 , 4 (cf. āpyāna-vat.)
(H3) mfn.
 āmahīyā
āmahīyā [p= 146,3] [L=25498]
 (scil. ṛc) , N. of the verse ápāma sómam ( RV. viii , 48 , 3) Ka1tyS3r. x , 9 , 7.
(H1) f.
 ārcika
ārcika [p= 151,3] [L=26412]
 relating to the ṛg-veda or connected with a ṛc-verse
ārcika [L=26413]
 N. of the sāma-veda.
(H2) mfn.
(H2B) n.
 āryāgīti
āryā-gīti [p= 152,3] [L=26607]
 a variety of the āryā metre (containing eight equal feet or thirty-two syllabic instants in each verse of the couplet).
(H3) f.
 ās
Whitney Roots links: As
ās 1 [p= 159,3] [L=27850]
 (an interjection implying joy , anger , menace , pain , affliction , recollection) Ah! Oh! &c
ās 2 [L=27851]
 ā́ste (and ā́sate AV. xi , 8 , 32 , &c ; Impv. 2. sg. ās-sva , āsva , and āsasva ; 2. pl. ādhvam ; p. āsāná , āsat [ R. ],and āsīna [see below] ; āsāṃ-cakre [ Pa1n2. 3-1 , 87] ; āsiṣyate ; āsiṣṭa ; āsitum) to sit , sit down , rest , lie RV. AV. S3Br. Mn. MBh. S3ak. &c  ; 
to be present  ; 
to exist  ; 
to inhabit , dwell in  ; 
to make one's abode in RV. AV. VS. MBh. &c  ; 
to sit quietly , abide , remain , continue RV. AV. &c  ; 
to cease , have an end Pan5cat. Das3. Hit. &c  ; 
to solemnize , celebrate  ; 
to do anything without interruption  ; 
to continue doing anything  ; 
to continue in any situation  ; 
to last  ; 
(it is used in the sense of " continuing " , with a participle , adj. , or subst. e.g. etat sāma gāyann āste , " he continues singing this verse " ; with an indeclinable participle in tvā , ya , or am e.g. upa-rudhya arim āsīta , " he should continue blockading the foe " ; with an adverb e.g. tūṣṇīm āste , " he continues quiet " ; sukham āsva , " continue well " ; with an inst. case e.g. sukhenā*ste , " he continues well " ; with a dat. case e.g. āstāṃ tuṣṭaye , " may it be to your satisfaction ") : Caus. āsayati , to cause any one to sit down Comm. on Pa1n2. : Desid. A1. āsisiṣate ib.; ([cf. Gk. ἧ , (σ)-μαι , ἧς-ται: Lat. a7sa changed to A7ra ; A7-nus for A7s-nus.])
ā* s 3 [L=27875]
ā-  2 √as) P. ásyati , to throw upon , lay or put upon TBr. Ka1t2h. : A1. (Impv. 2. pl. ā́*syadhvam) to cause to flow in , pour in RV. x , 30 , 2 S3Br. i  ; 
to put or throw on for one's self MaitrS.
ās 4 [L=27876]
 (?) mouth , face , (only in abl. and instr.) āsás (with the prep. ā) , from mouth to mouth , in close proximity RV. vii , 99 , 7

 and āsayā́ (generally used as an adv.) , before one's eyes





RV. vi , 16 , 9 , &c
(H1) ind.
(H1) cl.2 A1.
(H1) (
(H1) n.
[L=27877]āsā́
[L=27878]by word of mouth
[L=27879]personally
[L=27880]present
[L=27881]in one's own person
[L=27882]immediately
 āstārapaṅkti
ā-stāra--paṅkti [p= 161,2] [L=28139]
 N. of a metre (the first verse of which consists of two pādas of eight syllables each , the second of two pādas of twelve syllables each) RAnukr.
(H3) f.
 iḍ
iḍ [p= 164,2] [L=28684]
iṣ ; connected with írā q.v. ; only in inst. gen. abl. sing. , and acc. pl. iḍā́ and iḍás ; or , according to the spelling of the ṛgveda , iḷā́ and iḷás) , a refreshing draught , refreshment , libation offered to the gods RV.


 Sa1y. ) the earth , food RV. VS.

iḍas , or iḷas) pl. the objects of devotion (a particular form of agni addressed in the fourth verse of the āprī hymn RV. i , 13) RV. iii , 4 , 3

brāhmaṇas &c as if etymologically connected with the words īḍya , īḍita , īḷita , " the praiseworthy " , " the praised " , which are used in other passages as the designation of the same object of worship) VS. AitBr. S3Br. A1s3vS3r. &c
(H1) (fr. √1.
[L=28684.1]the flow of speech , the stream of sacred words and worship , prayer
[L=28684.2](
[L=28684.3](
[L=28684.4](erroneously also referred to in the
 idam
idám 1 [p= 165,2] [p= 165,3] [L=28801]
,iyám,idám (fr. id Un2. iv , 156 ; g. sarvā*di Pa1n2. 1-1 , 27 Vop. ; a kind of neut. of the pronom. base 3. i with am [cf. Lat. is , ea , id , and idem] ; the regular forms are partly derived from the pronom. base a ; » Gr. 224 ; the veda exhibits various irregular formations e.g. fr. pronom. base a , an inst. enā́ , ayā́ [used in general adverbially] , and gen. loc. du. ayós , and perhaps also avós , in RV. vi , 67 , 11 ; vii , 67 , 4 ; x , 132 , 5 [ BRD. ] ; fr. the base ima , a gen. sing. imásya , only RV. ; the RV. has in a few instances the irregular accentuation ásmai , v , 39 , 5 , &c ; ásya , iv , 15 , 5 , &c ; ā́bhis , vi , 25 , 2 , &c : the forms derived fr. a are used enclitically if they take the place of the third personal pronoun , do not stand at the beginning of a verse or period , and have no peculiar stress laid upon them) , this , this here , referring to something near the speaker
165,3] [L=28801.1]

adas e.g. ayaṃ lokaḥ or idaṃ viśvam or idaṃ sarvam , this earthly world , this universe ; ayam agniḥ , this fire which burns on the earth ; but asāv agniḥ , that fire in the sky , i.e. the lightning: so also idam or iyam alone sometimes signifies " this earth " ; ime smaḥ , here we are.) idam often refers to something immediately following , whereas etad points to what precedes (e.g. śrutvai*tad idam ūcuḥ , having heard that they said this) . idam occurs connected with yad,tad,etad,kim , and a personal pronoun , partly to point out anything more distinctly and emphatically , partly pleonastically (e.g. tad idaṃ vākyam , this speech here following ; so 'yaṃ vidūṣakaḥ , this vidūṣaka here) .
idám 2 [L=28803]
 ([Ved. and in a few instances in classical Sanskrit]) here , to this place



RV. AV. S3Br. AitBr. ChUp.

R. ii , 53 , 31 S3ak. (v.l. for iti in kim iti joṣam āsyate , 202 , 8) .
(H1) ayám
[p= known , present
[L=28801.2](opposed to
(H2) ind.
[L=28803.1]now , even , just
[L=28803.2]there
[L=28803.3]with these words
[L=28803.4]in this manner
 uktha
ukthá [p= 172,1] [L=30030]
 a saying , sentence , verse , eulogy , praise RV. AV. VS.

śastras (they generally form a series , and are recited in contradistinction to the sāman verses which are sung and to the yajus or muttered sacrificial formulas) AitBr. TS. S3Br. ChUp. &c

mahad-uktham or bṛhad-uktham , " great uktha " , forms a series of verses , in three sections , each containing eighty tṛcas or triple verses , recited at the end of the agnicayana)

 of the sāma-veda S3Br.
ukthá [L=30035]
 a form of agni MBh.
ukthá [L=30036]
 N. of a prince VP.
ukthá [L=30037]
 N. of a divine being belonging to the viśve devās Hariv. 11542.
(H2) n.
[L=30031](in the ritual) a kind of recitation or certain recited verses forming a subdivision of the
[L=30032](the
[L=30033]N.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
 ukthavidha
ukthá--vidha [L=30048]
 verse-like S3Br.
(H3) mfn.
 ukthaśas
ukthá--śás [L=30052]
°śās) mfn. uttering a verse , praising Pa1n2. 3-2 , 71 RV. AitBr. TS. Ka1tyS3r. S3Br. &c
(H3) (in strong cases
 ukthaśasa
ukthá--śasá [L=30053]
 uttering a verse , praising Pa1n2. 3-2 , 71 RV. AitBr. TS. Ka1tyS3r. S3Br. &c
(H3) mfn.
 ukthasaṃpad
ukthá--saṃpad [L=30056]
 a particular concluding verse of a śastra AitA1r.
(H3) f.
 ukthya
ukthyá [L=30065]
 accompanied by verse or praise , consisting of praise , deserving praise , skilled in praising RV. AV.

ukthas S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
ukthyá [L=30067]
 a libation (graha) at the morning and midday sacrifice TS. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r.
ukthyá [L=30068]
 (scil. kratu) N. of a liturgical ceremony (forming part of the jyotiṣṭoma &c ) AV. TS. A1s3vS3r. &c
ukthyá [L=30069]
 a soma-yajña La1t2y. R.
(H2) mfn.
[L=30066]accompanied by
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
 ucatha
ucátha [p= 172,3] [L=30221]
 (fr. √vac) , verse , praise RV.
(H1) n.
 utkacchā
ut-kacchā [p= 175,3] [L=30713]
 a metre of six verses (each verse containing eleven syllabic instants).
(H1) f.
 uttarā
úttarā 1 [p= 178,1] [L=31153]
 (ā) , of. (scil. diś) the northern quarter , the north Katha1s. &c
úttarā 1 [L=31154]
 N. of each of the nakṣatras that contain the word " uttara " (cf. uttara-phalgunī , &c )
úttarā 1 [L=31155]
 N. of a daughter of virāṭa and daughter-in-law of arjuna MBh.
úttarā 1 [L=31156]
 of a female servant Lalit.
úttarā 1 [L=31157]
 (e) the second and third verse of a tṛca (or a stanza consisting of three verses)
úttarā 1 [L=31158]
 the second part of the sāma-saṃhitā
uttarā [p= 179,1] [L=31356]
 north , northerly

gen. or abl.) Pa1n2. Vop.

uttarā-patha , &c » [p= 178,3].)
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f. du.
(H2B) f. pl.
(H2) ind.
[L=31356.1]northward (with
[L=31356.2](
 utthāpanī
ut-thāpanī [p= 180,1] [L=31530]
 (scil. ṛc) a concluding verse Kaus3.
(H2B) f.
 ud
Westergaard Dhatupatha links: 29.20
Whitney Roots links: ud
ud 1 [p= 183,1] [L=32058]


ud may also imply publicity , pride , indisposition , weakness , helplessness , binding , loosing , existence , acquisition.) ud is not used as a separable adverb or preposition

veda uncompounded with a verb , the latter has to be supplied from the context (e.g. úd útsam śatádhāram AV. iii , 24 , 4, out (pour) a fountain of a hundred streams) . ud is sometimes repeated in the veda to fill out the verse Pa1n2. 8-1 , 6 (kiṃ na ud ud u harṣase dātavā u Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. ) ([cf. Zd. uz ; Hib. uas and in composition os , ois e.g. os-car , " a leap , bound " , &c » also uttamá , 1. úttara , &c ])
ud 2 [L=32059]
und cl.7 P. unátti ( RV. v , 85 , 4) : cl.6 P. undati (p. undát RV. ii , 3 , 2 : Impv. 3. pl. undantu AV. vi , 68 , 1 ; 2) A1. undáte ( AV. v , 19 , 4 ; undāṃ cakāra,undiṣyati &c Dha1tup. xxix , 20) to flow or issue out , spring (as water)  ; 
to wet , bathe RV. AV. S3Br. Ka1tyS3r. A1s3vGr2. Pa1rGr2. &c : Caus. (aor. aundidat Vop. xviii , 1) : Desid. undidiṣati Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. 6-1 , 3  ; 
([cf. Gk. ὕδωρ ; Lat. unda ; Goth. vat-o ; Old High Germ. waz-ar ; Mod. Eng. wat-er ; Lith. wand-u14.])
(H1) a particle and prefix to verbs and nouns. (As implying superiority in place , rank , station , or power) up , upwards
[L=32058.1]upon , on
[L=32058.2]over , above. (As implying separation and disjunction) out , out of , from , off , away from , apart. (According to native authorities
[L=32058.3]in those rare cases , in which it appears in the
(H1) or
 upavatī
úpa-vatī [p= 206,2] [L=35716]
 (scil. ṛc) a verse beginning with upa (e.g. RV. ix , 19 , 6 ; 11 , 1 , &c ) S3Br. ii Ta1n2d2yaBr. xi , 1 , 1 La1t2y.
(H1B) f.
 upaspṛś
upa- √ spṛś 1 [p= 211,3] [p= 211,2] [L=36417]
 -spṛśati , to touch above , reach up to , touch RV. AV.  ; 
to touch softly , caress S3Br. AitBr. A1s3vS3r. Ka1tyS3r. MBh. &c  ; 
(with or without apaḥ or jalam &c ) to touch water (for ablution) , wash , bathe (as a religious ceremony)  ; 
to sip water (from the palm of the hand ; it is not the custom to spit out the water after sipping it) S3Br. A1s3vS3r. & A1s3vGr2. MBh. Ya1jn5. Mn. &c  ; 
to touch certain parts of one's body (acc.) with water (instr.) Mn. iv , 143  ; 
(also without the instr.) Mn. v , 138  ; 
(or without the acc.) MBh. : Caus. -sparśayati , to cause to touch water or wash the hands S3Br. iii.
upa-spṛ́ś 2 [L=36426]
 touching AV. xx , 127 , 2
upa-spṛ́ś 2 [L=36427]
 (k) (scil. stuti) " the touching or affecting verse " , N. of the verse RV. x , 22 , 13.
(H1) P.
(H2) mfn.
(H2B) f.
 upoktavatī
upo* kta-vatī [p= 216,1] [L=36992]
 (scil. ṛc) a verse containing any form of upa- √vac A1s3vS3r. ii , 17 , 19.
(H1) f.
 uśanas
uśánas [p= 219,3] [L=37664]
 ā ( Pa1n2. 7-1 , 94 ; Ved. acc. ām ; Ved. loc. and dat. e ; voc. as , a , and an Ka1s3. on Pa1n2. ) N. of an ancient sage with the patronymic kāvya RV. AV. iv , 29 , 6 Kaus3. (in later times identified with śukra , the teacher of the asuras , who presides over the planet Venus)

 of the planet Venus MBh. Ya1jn5. Pan5cat. &c

 of the author of a dharma-śāstra Hcat. i , 5

uśanasaḥ stoma m. N. of a verse ( RV. v , 29 , 9) to be muttered by one who thinks himself poisoned A1s3vS3r. v , 9 , 1.)
(H2) m.
[L=37664.1]N.
[L=37664.2]N.
[L=37664.3](
 ṛkchas
ṛk--chas [p= 225,1] [L=38698]
 verse by verse , one ṛc verse after the other AitBr. S3a1n3khS3r. Gobh. &c
(H3) ind.
 ṛkśas
ṛk--śas [L=38699]
 verse by verse , one ṛc verse after the other AitBr. S3a1n3khS3r. Gobh. &c
ṛk--śas [L=38705]
 -chas above.
(H3) ind.
(H3) »
 ṛgvirāma
ṛg--virāma [L=38736]
 the pause in a verse TPra1t.
(H3) m.
 ṛc
Westergaard Dhatupatha links: 28.19
ṛc 1 [L=38696]
 ṛcati , ānarca , arcitā , &c , = arc1 , [p= 89,3]  ; 
to praise Dha1tup. xxviii , 19 (cf. arká.)
ṛ́c 2 [L=38756]
 praise , verse , esp. a sacred verse recited in praise of a deity (in contradistinction to the sāman [pl. sāmāni] or verses which were sung and to the yajus [pl. yajūṃṣi] or sacrificial words , formularies , and verses which were muttered)

RV. AV. VS. S3Br. &c Mn. &c

ṛc verses (sg. , but usually pl. ṛ́cas) , the ṛg-veda AitBr. A1s3vS3r. and A1s3vGr2. Mn. i , 23 , &c (cf. ṛg-veda above )
225,2] [L=38759]
pūrvatāpanīya , Ra1matUp.
(H1) cl.6 P.
(H2) f.
[L=38757]sacred text
[L=38758]the collection of the
[p= the text of the
 ṛca
ṛca [L=38760]
 = ṛ́c2 , verse , sacred verse (cf. tryṛca , &c )
ṛca [L=38760.1]
 N. of a king VP.
(H2) ifc.
(H2B) m.
 ekapadā
éka--padā [p= 228,3] [L=39405]
 (scil. ṛc) a verse consisting of only one pāda or quarter stanza S3Br. RPra1t.
éka--padā [L=39406]
 N. of the twenty-fifth lunar mansion (= pūrva-bhādra-padā) VarBr2S.
(H3B) f.
(H3B) f.
 ekapātin
éka--° pātin [L=39427]
 having a common or the same appearance , appearing together , belonging to each other RPra1t. A1s3vS3r. &c

pratīka or first word , quoted together as one verse (as mantras) AitBr. i , 19 , 9 A1s3vS3r. v , 18 , 11.
eka--pātin [p= 1323,1] [L=325212.3]
MBh.
eka--pātin [L=325212.31]
ib.
(H3) mfn.
[L=39428]having a single or common
(H3) (also) flying (only) in one manner,
(H3) being alone or solitary,
 ekarca
éka--° rcá [p= 229,1] [L=39542]
 (eka-ṛca) n. a single verse g. ardharcā*di Pa1n2. 2-4 , 31 ([ T. ])
éka--° rcá [L=39542.1]
 consisting of only one verse S3Br.
éka--° rcá [L=39542.2]
 a sūkta of only one verse AV. xix , 23 , 20.
(H3) m.
(H3B) mfn.
(H3B) n.
 eva
evá 1 [p= 232,2] [L=40181]
 (in the saṃhitā also evā́) ( √i Un2. i , 152 ; fr. pronom. base e BRD. , probably connected with 2. éva) , so , just so , exactly so (in the sense of the later evam) RV. AV.

id , hi) RV.

eva must be variously rendered by such adverbs as) just , exactly , very , same , only , even , alone , merely , immediately on , still , already , &c (e.g. tvam eva yantā nā*nyo 'sti pṛthivyām , thou alone art a charioteer , no other is on earth , i.e. thou art the best charioteer MBh. iii , 2825 ; tāvatīm eva rātrim , just so long as a night ; evam eva or tathai*va , exactly so , in this manner only ; in the same manner as above ; tenai*va mantreṇa , with the same mantra as above ; apaḥ spṛṣṭvai*va , by merely touching water ; tān eva , these very persons ; na cirād eva , in no long time at all ; japyenai*va , by sole repetition ; abhuktvai*va , even without having eaten ; iti vadann eva , at the very moment of saying so ; sa jīvann eva , he while still living , &c ) RV. &c MBh. &c

esp. in connection with other adverbs , eva is a mere expletive without any exact meaning and not translatable e.g. tv eva , cai*va , eva ca , &c ; according to native authorities eva implies emphasis , affirmation , detraction , diminution , command , restrainment) ; ([cf. Zd. aeva ; Goth. aiv ; Old Germ. eo , io ; Mod. Germ. je.])
éva 2 [L=40183]
 ( √i) , going , moving , speedy , quick TBr. iii Un2.
éva 2 [L=40184]
 course , way (generally instr. pl.) RV.
éva 2 [L=40185]
 the earth , world VS. xv , 4 ; 5 ([ Mahi1dh. ])
éva 2 [L=40186]
 a horse RV. i , 158 , 3 ([ Sa1y. ])
éva 2 [L=40187]
 way or manner of acting or proceeding , conduct , habit , usage , custom RV.
éva 2 [L=40188]
 ([cf. Gk. αἰές , αἰών ; Lat. aevu-m ; Goth. aivs ; O.H.G e7wa and Angl.Sax. e7u , e7o , " custom " , " law " ; Germ. ehe.])
(H1) ind.
[L=40181.1]indeed , truly , really (often at the beginning of a verse in conjunction with other particles , as
[L=40181.2](in its most frequent use of strengthening the idea expressed by any word ,
[L=40181.3](sometimes ,
(H1) mfn.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m. pl.
(H1B) m.
 aindrī
aindrī́ [p= 234,1] [L=40426]
 (scil. ṛc) a verse addressed to indra S3Br. iv A1s3vS3r. vi Nir. &c
(H1B) f.
 kalikā
kalikā [p= 261,3] [L=45895]
 the sixteenth part of the moon Bhartr2.

= kalā q.v.)

S3ak. Ragh. &c

L.

 of several metres

cf. kānta-k°)

 of wk. on medicine.
kalikā [p= 262,1] [L=45971]
 [p= 261,3].
(H2) f.
[L=45896]a division of time (
[L=45897]an unblown flower , bud
[L=45898]the bottom or peg of the Indian lute (made of cane)
[L=45899]N.
[L=45900]a kind of artificial verse (
[L=45901]N.
(H1) »
 kavitā
kaví--tā [p= 264,3] [L=46555]
 poetry , ornate style (whether of verse or prose) Bhartr2. Prasannar.

W.
(H3) f.
[L=46556]a poem
 kaśyapā
kaśyápā [p= 265,2] [L=46712]
 a female ṛṣi (authoress of a verse in the White yajur-veda).
(H1B) f.
 kāntakalikā
kānta--kalikā [p= 270,3] [L=47739]
 a particular kind of artificial verse.
(H3) f.
 kārikā
kārikā [p= 274,3] [L=48583]
 (f. of kāraka) , a female dancer L.

L.

L.

esp. philos. and gramm.) doctrines MBh. ii , 453 &c

L.

L.

 of a plant L.

 or more commonly hari-kārikās , the kārikās of bhartṛ-hari i.e. the verses contained in his gramm. work vākya-padīya (q.v.)
(H2) f.
[L=48583.1]a business
[L=48583.2]trade
[L=48583.3]concise statement in verse of (
[L=48583.4]torment , torture
[L=48583.5]interest
[L=48583.6]N.
[L=48583.7]f. pl.
 kila
kila 1 [p= 284,1] [L=50586]
 play , trifling L.
kíla 2 [L=50588]
 (a particle of asseveration or emphasis) indeed , verily , assuredly RV. AV. &c

S3Br. &c

VarBr2S. Ka1d.

kila is preceded by the word on which it lays stress , and occurs very rarely at the beginning of a sentence or verse [ R. iv , 14 , 14 Pan5cat. lxxxix , 4] ; according to native lexicographers kila may be used in communicating intelligence , and may imply " probably " , " possibly " , " agreement " , " dislike " , " falsehood " , " inaccuracy " , and " reason. ")
kila 3 [L=50589]
 N. of a man Pravar.
(H2) m.
(H1) ind.
[L=50588.1](or of explanation) namely
[L=50588.2]" so said " " so reported " , pretendedly
[L=50588.3](
(H1) m.
 kumbyā
kúmbyā [p= 293,1] [L=52477]
kumbyā́ f. a precept in form of a verse or formula S3Br. xi AitA1r.
(H1) or
 kulaka
kulaka [p= 295,2] [L=53042]
 ifc. a multitude BhP. v , 7 , 11

Car.

Trichosanthes dioeca) L.

 Ra1jat. ]) or five ([ Sa1h. ]) stanzas in which the government of verb and noun is carried throughout (contrary to the practice of closing the sense with each verse)

kulaka [L=53047]
 the chief of a guild L.
kulaka [L=53048]
 any artisan of eminent birth L.
kulaka [L=53049]
 an ant-hill , mole-hill L.
kulaka [L=53050]
 a sort of mouse
kulaka [L=53051]
 a green snake L.
kulaka [L=53052]
 a kind of ebony (Diospyros tomentosa) L.
kulaka [L=53053]
 another species of ebony (commonly ku-pīlu) Bhpr.
kulaka [L=53054]
 another plant (commonly maruvaka , śukla-puṣpa , tilaka) L.
kulaka [L=53055]
 N. of the śūdras in kuśa-dvīpa BhP. v , 20 , 16.
(H2) n.
[L=53043]the stone of a fruit
[L=53044]a sort of gourd (
[L=53045]a collection of three or four ([
[L=53046]a kind of prose composition with few compound words
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m. pl.
 kḷp
Whitney Roots links: kxp
kḷp [p= 308,3] [L=55571]
 kálpate ( Pa1n2. 8-2 , 18 ; perf. cakḷpe , 3. pl. cākḷpré RV. x , 130 , 5 and 6 ; 2nd fut. kalpiṣyate and kalpsy° [3. du. kalpsyete AitBr. ; vv.ll. kḷps° and klaps°] , or kalpsyati ; Cond. akalpiṣyata , or °lpsyat ; 1st fut. kalpitā or kalptā [see Pa1n2. 7-2 , 60] ; aor. akḷpta or °pat ; pr. and perf. only A1. Pa1n2. 1-3 , 91-93) , to be well ordered or regulated , be well managed , succeed AV. TS. S3Br. &c  ; 
to bear suitable relation to anything , correspond , be adapted to , in accordance with , suitable to (instr.) RV. i , 170 , 2 AV. &c  ; 
to be fit for (loc.) R.  ; 
to accommodate one's self to , be favourable to , subserve , effect (with dat.) VS. S3Br. xiv AitBr. Mn. &c  ; 
to partake of (dat.) Kat2hUp. Mn. Bhag. &c  ; 
to fall to the share , be shared or partaken by (loc. dat. or gen. e.g. yajñó devéṣu kalpatām , " let the sacrifice be shared by the gods " VS. xix , 45) VS. AitBr. ChUp. MBh.  ; 
to become (with nom.) RV. x , 130 , 5 and 6 AV. Bhat2t2.  ; 
(with dat. [ Pa1n2. 2-3 , 13 Va1rtt. 2] R. Pan5cat. )  ; 
to happen , occur BhP. iii , 16 , 12 Bhat2t2.  ; 
to prepare , arrange Bhat2t2. xiv , 89  ; 
to produce , cause , effect , create (with acc.) BhP. iii , 7 , 25 Bhat2t2.  ; 
to declare as , consider as (with double acc.) Pan5cat. (perf. p. kḷptavat): Caus. P. A1. kalpáyati , °te , (aor. acīkḷpat or cākḷpat [ AV. vi , 35 , 3] Subj. cīkḷpāti RV. x , 157 , 2) , to set in order , arrange , distribute , dispose RV. AV. AitBr.  ; 
to bring into suitable connection with RV. x , 2 , 4  ; 
to prepare , arrange RV. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c  ; 
to fit out , furnish with (instr.) TS. ii  ; 
to help any one in obtaining anything (dat. or loc. or gen.) S3vetUp. MBh. R. ii , 43 , 19  ; 
to fix , settle Das3.  ; 
to declare as , consider as (with double acc. e.g. mātaram enāṃ kalpayantu , " let them consider her as their mother " Kum. vi , 80) Mn. MBh. &c  ; 
to make , execute , bring about RV. AV. S3Br. MBh. &c  ; 
to frame , form , invent , compose (as a poem &c ) , imagine Mn. i , 102 &c  ; 
to perform (as a ceremony &c ) La1t2y.  ; 
to trim , cut VarBr2S.  ; 
(in Prakrit) S3ak.  ; 
to pronounce a formula or verse which contains the √kḷp S3Br. ix : Desid. cikḷpsati or cikalpiṣate Pa1n2. 1-3 , 92 and vii , 2 , 60 ; ([cf. Goth. hilpa ; Eng. help ; Germ. helfe ; Lith. gelbmi.])
(H1) cl.1 A1.
 kroḍa
kroḍá [p= 323,1] [L=58422]
 (n. in later language L. ) the breast , chest , bosom (of men and animals) AV. VS. Ka1tyS3r. &c

R. vii , 18 , 32

pl.) MBh. xiii , 2660

Mr2icch. ii

 f(ā). Pa1n2. 4-1 , 56 (e.g. kalyāṇa-kroḍā , a woman with a well-formed breast Ka1s3. )

W.

= aṅka) L.

Ba1lar. vi , 65 Hit.
kroḍá [L=58430]
 a hog Pan5cat. BhP. Va1rP. Katha1s.
kroḍá [L=58431]
 N. of the planet Saturn L.
kroḍá [L=58432]
 " anything left in the bosom " , an additional verse or note Ka1m. Sch.
kroḍá [L=58433]
 N. of a teacher , Kaiy. on Pa1n2. 4-2 , 66 Va1rtt. 6 Pat. (cf. krauḍa)
kroḍá [L=58438]
 id. L.
(H1) m.
[L=58423](of a bird)
[L=58424](
[L=58425](named as a place where money is kept)
[L=58426]ifc.
[L=58427]the flank , hollow above the hip
[L=58428]the lap (
[L=58429]the interior of anything , cavity , hollow
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) n.
 khaḍgabandha
khaḍgá--bandha [p= 335,3] [L=61032]
 a kind of artificially-formed verse Sa1h.
(H3) m.
 gaṇḍagopāla
gaṇḍa--gopāla [p= 344,1] [L=62775]
 N. of a poet (called so after a verse of his) S3a1rn3gP.
(H3) m.
 gāthā
gā* thā́ [p= 352,2] [L=64562]
 id. RV.
gā* thā́ [L=64563]
 a verse , stanza (especially one which is neither ṛc , nor sāman , nor yajus , a verse not belonging to the vedas , but to the epic poetry of legends or ākhyānas , such as the śunaḥśepa-ākhyāna or the Suparn2. ) AV. TS. TBr. S3Br. &c
gā* thā́ [L=64564]
 the metrical part of a sūtra Buddh.
gā* thā́ [L=64565]
 N. of the āryā metre
gā* thā́ [L=64566]
 any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody (cf. ṛg-gāthā , riju-gātha , yajña-gāthā.)
gāthā [L=64571]
 of °thá q.v.
gā́thā [p= 353,2] [L=64752]
 3. gā.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2B) f.
(H2) f.
(H3) »
 gāyatra
gāyatrá [p= 352,3] [L=64614]
 n. a song , hymn RV. VS. xi , 8 ChUp. ii , 11 , 1
gāyatrá [L=64615]
 a hymn composed in the gāyatrī metre RV.
gāyatrá [L=64616]
 the gāyatrī metre VP. i , 5 , 52
gāyatrá [L=64617]
 N. of a sāman S3Br. ix Ka1tyS3r.
gāyatrá [L=64618]
(ī)n. consisting in or connected with the gāyatrī (e.g. in accordance with the number of syllables of a gāyatrī verse) VS. TS. &c
gāyatrá [L=64619]
(ī)n. with vrata = brahma-carya BhP. x , 45 , 29
gāyatrá [L=64621]
(ī)n. the gāyatrī (i.e. RV. iii , 62 , 10 ; tát savitúr váreṇyam bhárgo devásya dhīmahi dhíyo yó naḥ pracodáyā*t S3Br. xiv S3a1n3khGr2. MBh. &c ; this is a very sacred verse repeated by every Brahman at his morning and evening devotions ; from being addressed to savitṛ or the Sun as generator , it is also called sāvitrī ; cf. RTL. pp. 19 ; 342 ; 361 ; 403 ; the gāyatrī verse is personified as a goddess , the wife of brahmā and mother of the four vedas Hariv. 11666 ff. ; it is often mentioned in connection with the amṛta , both together constituting as it were the essence and type of sacred hymns in general AV. ; the gāyatrī personified is also considered as the mother of the first three classes in their capacity of twice-born W. ; cf. RTL. pp. 200 f. ; some other verse [perhaps RV. x , 9 , 1] is denoted by gāyatrī Sus3r. vi , 28 , 7 ; with tāntrikas a number of mystical verses are called gāyatrīs , and each deity has one in particular)
gāyatrá [L=64622]
(ī)n. N. of durgā MatsyaP. Katha1s. liii , 172
gāyatrá [L=64623]
(ī)n. Acacia Catechu L.
gāyatrá [p= 354,1] [L=64863]
» ib.
(H2) m.
(H2B) n.
(H2B) n.
(H2B) n.
(H2B) mf
(H2B) mf
(H2B) mf
(H2B) mf
(H2B) mf
(H2) &c
 gir
gír 1 [p= 355,1] [L=65063]
 ( √1. gṝ) addressing , invoking , praising RV.
gír 1 [L=65064]
 (ī́r) invocation , addressing with praise , praise , verse , song RV. (the maruts are called " sons of praise " , sūnávo gíraḥ , i , 37 , 10) AV.
gír 1 [L=65065]
 speech , speaking , language , voice , words (e.g. mānuṣīṃ giraṃ √1. kṛ , to assume a human voice Nal. i , 25 ; girāṃ prabhaviṣṇuḥ [ VarBr2S. ] or pati [ VarYogay. ] = gir-īśa q.v. ; tad-girā , on his advice Katha1s. lxxv) , ChUp. Mn. Ya1jn5. MBh. &c
gír 1 [L=65066]
 = gīr-devī , fame , celebrity W.
gír 1 [L=65067]
 a kind of mystical syllable Ra1matUp. ; ([cf. Hib. gair , " an outcry , shout " ; Gk. γῆρυς.]) - 1.
gir 2 [L=65097]
 ( √2. gṝ) ifc. " swallowing " » gara- and muhur-gír.
gír 3 [p= 355,2] [L=65102]
 = girí , a mountain RV. v , 41 , 14 and vii , 39 , 5 S3is3. iv , 59.
(H1) mfn.
(H1B) f.
(H1B) f.
(H1B) f.
(H1B) f.
(H1) mfn.
(H1) m.
 gomūtrajāti
gó--mūtra---jāti [p= 366,2] [L=67416]
 a verse called gomūtrikā q.v.
(H4) f.
 gomūtrikā
gó--° mūtrikā [L=67419]
 zigzag Das3. xi , 51
gó--° mūtrikā [L=67420]
 an artificial verse to be read in zigzag Ka1vya7d. iii , 78 f. Sarasv. Sa1h. x , 13 a÷b
gó--° mūtrikā [L=67421]
 a form of calculation W.
gó--° mūtrikā [L=67422]
 the reddish grass Tambadu L.
(H3B) f.
(H3B) f.
(H3B) f.
(H3B) f.
 gaurīgāyatrikā
gaurī́--gāyatrikā [p= 370,1] [L=68333]
 N. of a verse (in honour of gaurī) Hcat. i , 5.
(H3) f.
 gaurīgāyatrī
gaurī́--gāya° trī [L=68334]
 N. of a verse (in honour of gaurī) Hcat. i , 5.
(H3) f.
 grantha
grantha [p= 371,1] [L=68459]
 tying , binding , stringing together L.

 °thí , a knot TS. vi , 2 , 9 , 4 (v.l.)

Pa1n2. 4-3 , 116 Va1rtt.

esp. of 32 syllables = śloka Jain. ) , verse , composition , treatise , literary production , book in prose or verse , text (opposed to artha " meaning " VarBr2S. Va1kyap. Sarvad. ) Nir. i , 20 Pa1n2. MBh. Up. &c

Ka1t2h. )

cf. RTL. pp. 158-177)

Jain. Sch. (cf. uttara- , nir- , ṣaḍ-.)
(H2) m.
[L=68460]=
[L=68461]honeycomb
[L=68462]an artificial arrangement of words (
[L=68463]a section (of
[L=68464]the book or sacred scriptures of the Sikhs containing short moral poems by Nanak Shah and others (
[L=68465]wealth , property
 ghṛtayājyā
ghṛtá--yājyā [p= 378,3] [L=69998]
 the verse recited with the ghee oblation AitBr. iii , 32.
(H3) f.
 ghṛtavat
ghṛtá--vat [L=70004]
 (°tá-) abounding in fat , greasy , mixed or smeared with ghee RV. AV. VS. S3Br. iii , xii

ghṛtá (a verse) , i f.
ghṛtá--vat [L=70004.3]
 like ghee W.
(H3) mfn.
[L=70004.1]containing the word
(H3B) ind.
 campū
campū [p= 389,1] [L=72164]
 a kind of elaborate composition in which the same subject is continued through alternations in prose and verse (gadya and padya) Ka1vya7d. i , 31 Sa1h. vi , 336 Prata1par. (cf. gaṅgā- , nala-.)
(H1) f.
 campūbhārata
campū--bhārata [L=72166]
 N. of a reproduction in prose and verse of the contents of MBh. (by ananta-bhaṭṭa) .
(H3) n.
 campūrāmāyaṇa
campū--rāmāyaṇa [L=72167]
 N. of a reproduction in prose and verse of the contents of R. (by lakṣmaṇakavi) .
(H3) n.
 citrāvasu
citrā́-vasu [p= 397,2] [L=73955]
 rich in (brilliant ornaments i.e.) shining stars VS. iii , 18 ( TS. i Ka1t2h. vii , 6) S3Br. ii
citrā́-vasu [L=73956]
 (scil. yajus) the verse VS. iii , 18 A1pS3r. vi , 16 , 10.
(H3) mfn.
(H3B) n.
 cūrṇaka
cūrṇaka [p= 401,2] [L=74825]
 a kind of ṣaṣṭika grain Sus3r. i , 46 , 1 , 5

Car. v , 1 and 12

L.
cūrṇaka [L=74828]
 fragrant powder Sus3r. vi , 35 , 5
cūrṇaka [L=74829]
 a kind of easy prose (expounding the purport of a foregoing verse W. ) Chandom.
cūrṇaka [L=74831]
 grain fried and pounded L.
cūrṇaka [L=74832]
 a kind of cake Vet. i , 18÷19.
(H2) m.
[L=74826]chalk-like paleness
[L=74827]grain fried and pounded
(H2B) n.
(H2B) n.
(H2B) n.
(H2B) n.
 ced
cé* d [p= 401,3] [L=74913]
 ( Padap. ca id) (never found at the beginning of a sentence or verse) = ca , " and " AV. ii , 30 , 2 (céd-ca , " as well as ") ; xviii , 2 , 37

cf. Pa1n2. 8-1 , 30) RV. vii , 74 , 4 ; viii , 79 , 5 ; x , 109 , 3 AV. v , 17 , 8

cf. Pa1n2. 3-1 , 30 ; with pr. [ AV. xii , 4 , 21 S3Br. &c cf. Pa1n2. 3-3 , 8f. & , 132 Ka1s3. ] Subj. [ AV. vi , 122 , 2] Pot. [xii , 4 , 48 S3Br. xiv Mn. &c (for Cond. MBh. v. 960 and Ra1jat. v , 478) ; cf. Pa1n2. 3-3 , 9 and 156 Ka1s3. ] , perf. [ AV. vi , 5i , 3 MBh. xii , 986 ff. perf. p. Pa1n2. 3-3 , 132 Ka1s3. ] aor. [ AV. iv , 28 , 4 ; xii , 4 , 18 ; cf. Pa1n2. 3-3 , 132 Ka1s3. ] fut. [ S3Br. i , xiv MBh. R. S3ak. ; cf. Pa1n2. 3-3 , 8f. ; 132f. and 156 Ka1s3. ] Cond. [ MBh. vii , 3423 S3ak. ; cf. Pa1n2. 3-3 , 139 Ka1s3. ] , perf. or fut. Pass. p. or with an auxiliary verb to be supplied AV. ix , 5 , 6 ; xii , 2 , 36 Ka1tyS3r. Mn. &c )

 " but if. " MBh. v , 2775 Bhag. ii , 33 ; xviii , 58

 " even " Hariv. 11308

 (often placed at the end of an objector's statement) " if it be argued that.. " , na " no , it is not so " Ba1dar. ii , 1 , 35 Sarvad. ii , 158

 (g. cā*di , also separated by the verb [ MBh. ] or the verb preceded by na placed at the end of the sentence [ S3Br. xiv , 6 , 8 , 1 Bhag. ii , 33 ; xviii , 58 Hit. ] , rarely cen na in reversed order beginning the apodosis Sa1m2khyak. 1 Sa1h. S3rut. Hit. ) " if not " (= no ced forming a sentence by itself. S3Br. xiv , 7 , 2 , 15) S3Br. xiv S3a1n3khS3r. i , 17 , 1 Mn. &c

 (g. cā*di) id. (forming a sentence by itself. e.g. dūram apasara no ced dhantavyo 'si mayā , " depart to a distance , if not i.e. if thou departest not , thou art to be killed by me ") MBh. xii , 7 , 21 and 29 , 145 ; Pan5cat. Katha1s. Vet. Hit.

 exceptionally = na ced (beginning a sentence) MBh. xiii , 5809

 or no ced (with Pot.) " would that not! " (e.g. no cet pradahet , " would that he did not burn down! ") , v , 676 ff. and 966

 or no ced (with pr. or Pot. , the apodosis containing an Impv.) " if not " i.e. " in order that not " , 2714 RV. , 80 , 24

 (also separated by the verb) = ced , " if " (with pr. Pot. fut.) MBh. i , 2403 Hariv. 11895 R. ii , 8 , 34 and 48 , 19 (cf. ned.)
(H1) ind.
[L=74913.1]" when " (the verb being accentuated
[L=74913.2]" if " (the verb being accentuated
[L=74914]atha ced
[L=74915]api ced
[L=74916]iti cen
[L=74918]na ced
[L=74919]no ced
[L=74919.2]no ced
[L=74920]na ced
[L=74920.1]na ced
[L=74922]yadi ced
 chanacchaniti
chanacchan-iti [p= 405,2] [L=75686]
 (fr. °natchanad-iti Pa1n2. 6-1 , 99) onomat. (imitative of the noise of drops falling on anything hot) Amar. 89 (v.l. chamaccham-iti S3a1rn3gP. cvi , 11, whence the author of the verse is called °cchamikā-ratna).
(H1) ind.
 jambhaka
jámbhaka [p= 412,2] [L=77220]
 ( Pa1n2. 7-1 , 61 Ka1s3. ) ifc. crushing , devouring R. i , 30 , 9

cf. jṛmbh°) W.
jámbhaka [L=77222]
 a charm (?) MBh. v , 64 , 16
jámbhaka [L=77223]
 a demon or N. of a demon VS. xxx , 16
jámbhaka [L=77224]
 N. of gaṇeśa Katha1s. Iv , 165
jámbhaka [L=77225]
 of a demon (conquered by kṛṣṇa MBh. ii , 1111 ; causing , diseases Hariv. 9557 AgP. xl , 19 ; attendant of śiva L. )
jámbhaka [L=77226]
 pl. N. of several evil spirits supposed to reside in various magical weapons R. G. i , 31 , 4 and 10
jámbhaka [L=77227]
 (hence sg.) N. of a verse addressed to them , i , 31 , 9
jámbhaka [L=77228]
 = °bhin L.
jámbhaka [p= 412,3] [L=77317]
 √1. jabh.
(H2) mfn.
[L=77221]yawning (
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H3) »
 timirodghāṭa
timiro* dghāṭa [p= 447,1] [L=85027]
 " removal of darkness " , N. of a śaiva treatise in verse.
(H3) m.
 tu
Whitney Roots links: tu
tu 1 [p= 449,3] [L=85705]
 (tauti Dha1tup. ; fut. 2nd totā or tavitā Vop. ) to have authority , be strong RV. i , 94 , 2 (pf. tūtāva cf. Naigh. iv , 1 Pa1n2. 6-1 , 7 Ka1s3. )  ; 
to go Dha1tup.  ; 
to injure ib. : Caus. (aor. tūtot , 2. sg. °tos) to make strong or efficient RV. ii , 20 , 5 ; vi , 26 , 4  ; 
cf. ut- , saṃ-  ; 
tavás , &c , tīvrá ; [Zd. tav , " to be able " ; Lat. tumour , tueri , totus.]
tú 2 [L=85706]
 (never found at the beginning of a sentence or verse ; metrically also tū́ RV. ; cf. Pa1n2. 6-3 , 133) pray! I beg , do , now , then , Lat. dum used (esp. with the Imper.) RV.

evá or vaí following) AV. iv , 18 , 6 TS. S3Br. &c

Mn. ii , 22

i , 68 ; xi , 202

nu MBh. (i , 6151 B. and C.)


 though -- still not

 not -- but

 not -- but

ṃ -- tu though -- still

ṃ ca -- tu though -- still

ṃ tu though -- still

ṃ tu though -- still

ṃ -- na tu it is true -- but not , ere - than

 it is true -- but not , ere -- than

 it is true -- but not , ere - than

ṃ tu still , nevertheless

ṃ tu not -- however

 certainly -- but Hit. i , 2 , 33.
(H1) cl.2.
(H1) ind.
[L=85706.1]but (also with
[L=85706.2]and
[L=85706.3]or
[L=85706.5]often incorrectly written for
[L=85706.6]sometimes used as a mere expletive
[L=85707]ca -- na tu
[L=85708]na -- api tu
[L=85709]na ca -- api tu
[L=85710]kāma
[L=85711]kāma
[L=85712]ki
[L=85713]para
[L=85714]kāma
[L=85715]bhūyas -- na tu
[L=85716]varam -- na tu
[L=85717]ki
[L=85718]na -- para
[L=85719]tu -- tu
 tūṣṇīṃśaṃsa
tūṣṇīṃ--śaṃsa [p= 453,1] [L=86500]
 a verse which requires silent recitation AitBr. S3a1n3khS3r.
(H3) m.
 tṛcabhāgā
tṛcá--bhāgā [L=86534]
 (scil. ṛc) verse 1. of the 1st , v. 2. of the 2nd , and v. 3. of the 3rd paryāya of a tṛca La1t2y. vi.
(H3) f.
 tmanyā
tmányā [p= 456,3] [L=87333]
 (fr. loc. tmáni ā́ ?) only in the vanas-pati verse of some āprī hymns = tmánā , i , 188 , 10 ; x , 110 , 10 VS. xx , 45 ; xxix , 10.
(H2) ind.
 dadhikrāvatī
dádhi--° krā́-vatī [p= 468,1] [L=89916]
 (scil. ṛ́c) the verse iv , 39 , 6 ( AV. xx , 137 , 3) MaitrS. i , 5 , 13.
(H4) f.
 durgatariṇī
durgá--ta° riṇī [p= 487,2] [L=94438]
 " conveying over difficulties " , N. of the sāvitrī -verse MBh. ii , 451 Hariv. 14078.
(H3) f.
 dūrohaṇa
dū--rohaṇa [p= 488,2] [L=94711]
 id.
dū--rohaṇa [L=94712]
 N. of a difficult recitation of a verse in 7 ways (1 pāda , 2 pādas , 3 pādas , the whole verse , 3 pādas , 2 pādas , 1 pāda) MaitrS. VS &c
(H3) mfn.
(H3B) n.
 dhāyyā
dhāyyā [p= 514,3] [L=100882]
 (scil. ṛc) an additional verse inserted in certain hymns TS. Br. &c
(H2B) f.
 dhāraṇī
dhāraṇī [p= 515,2] [L=100990]
 any tubular vessel of the body L.

Gal.

partic. bulbous plant ib.

&c MWB. 154 ; 351 &c (4 kinds of dhāraṇī according to Dharmas. lii)

w.r. for dhoraṇī) L.

 of a daughter of sva-dhā VP.
(H2) f.
[L=100991]the earth
[L=100992]a
[L=100993]a mystical verse or charm used as a kind of prayer to assuage pain
[L=100994]row or line (
[L=100995]N.
 dhuvakā
dhuvakā [p= 517,2] [L=101382]
 the introductory stanza of a song (forming afterwards the burthen of each verse) W. (cf. g. pre*kṣā*di).
(H2B) f.
 dhruva
dhruvá [p= 521,3] [p= 521,2] [L=102286]
(ā́)n. (prob. fr. √ dhṛ , but cf. √dhru and dhruv) fixed , firm , immovable , unchangeable , constant , lasting , permanent , eternal RV. &c (e.g. the earth , a mountain , a pillar , a vow &c ; with svā*ṅga n. an inseparable member of the body Pa1n2. 6-2 , 177 ; with dhenu f. a cow which stands quiet when milked AV. xii , 1 , 45 ; with diś f. the point of the heavens directly under the feet [reckoned among the quarters of the sky cf. 2. diś] AV. Br. ; with smṛti f. a strong or retentive memory ChUp. vii , 26 , 2 ; cf. also under karaṇa and nakṣatra)

loc.) RV. ix , 101 , 12

Mn. MBh. Ka1v. &c

 ifc. = pāpa L.
dhruvá [L=102290]
 the polar star (personified as son of uttāna-pāda and grandson of manu) Gr2S. MBh. &c
dhruvá [L=102291]
 celestial pole Su1ryas.
dhruvá [L=102292]
 the unchangeable longitude of fixed stars , a constant arc ib.
dhruvá [L=102293]
 a knot VS. v , 21 ; 30
dhruvá [L=102294]
 a post , stake L.
dhruvá [L=102295]
 the Indian fig-tree L.
dhruvá [L=102296]
 tip of the nose (?) L.
dhruvá [L=102297]
 a partic. water-bird ib.
dhruvá [L=102298]
 the remaining (i.e. preserved) graha which having been drawn in the morning is not offered till evening S3Br. Vait.
dhruvá [L=102299]
 (in music) the introductory verse of a song (recurring as a kind of burthen) or a partic. time or measure (tāla-viśeṣa)
dhruvá [L=102300]
 any epoch to which a computation of dates is referred W.
dhruvá [L=102301]
 N. of an astrol. yoga
dhruvá [L=102302]
 of the syllable Om Ra1matUp.
dhruvá [L=102303]
 of brahmā L.
dhruvá [L=102304]
 of viṣṇu MBh.
dhruvá [L=102305]
 of śiva S3ivag.
dhruvá [L=102306]
 of a serpent supporting the earth Gr2S. TA1r.
dhruvá [L=102307]
 of a vasu MBh. Hariv. Pur.
dhruvá [L=102308]
 of a son of vasu-deva and rohiṇī BhP.
dhruvá [L=102309]
 of an āṅgirasa (supposed author of RV. x , 173) Anukr.
dhruvá [L=102310]
 of a son of nahuṣa MBh.
dhruvá [L=102311]
 of a follower of the pāṇḍus ib.
dhruvá [L=102312]
 of a son of ranti-nāra (or ranti-bhāra) Pur.
dhruvá [L=102314]
 (scil. vṛtti) a partic. mode of life Baudh.
dhruvá [L=102315]
 (scil. strī) a virtuous woman L. @
dhruvá [L=102316]
 Desmodium Gangeticum L.
dhruvá [L=102317]
 Sanseviera Zeylanica L.
dhruvá [L=102318]
 (in music) the introductory verse (cf. above )
dhruvá [L=102319]
 the fixed point (from which a departure takes place) Pa1n2. 1-4 , 24
dhruvá [L=102320]
 the enduring sound (supposed to be heard after the abhinidhāna) RPra1t.
dhruvá [L=102321]
 air , atmosphere L.
dhruvá [L=102322]
 a kind of house Gal.
(H1) mf
[L=102287]staying with (
[L=102288]settled , certain , sure
[L=102289]mfn.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) m.
(H1B) n.
(H1B) n.
(H1B) n.
(H1B) n.
 nalacampū
nala--campū [p= 530,2] [L=104400]
 N. of an artificial poem (half prose half verse) = damayantī-kathā.
(H3) f.
 nāḍā
nāḍā [p= 534,2] [L=105359]
 N. of a partic. verse Vait.
(H1B) f.
 nigrābha
ni-° grābhá [p= 546,2] [L=108144]
 pressing down , letting sink VS.

opp. to ud-grābha , elevating) Pa1n2. 3-3 , 36 , Va1rtt. 3

 of a verse recited when the soma plants are pressed S3Br.

partic. gift or oblation Hcat.
(H3) m.
[L=108145]suppressing (the voice ,
[L=108146]N.
[L=108147]of a
 ninṛt
ni- √ nṛt [p= 549,1] [L=108655]
 -nṛtyati , to repeat (lit. dance again) a portion of a verse or syllable S3a1n3khBr.
(H1) P.
 niyutvat
ni-° yút---vat [p= 552,2] [L=109190.3]
 (°yút-) drawn by a team of horses (as a carriage , vāyu , indra , the maruts) RV.

soma) ib.

niyut or niyut-vat (as a verse or hymn) TS. S3Br.
(H4) mfn.
[L=109190.4]forming a series , flowing continuously or abundantly (as
[L=109190.5]containing the word
 nirukta
nir-ukta [p= 553,3] [L=109381]
 ( √ vac) uttered , pronounced , expressed , explained , defined Br. Up. MBh. &c

nom.) MBh.

A1s3vGr2.

S3a1n3khBr.

opp. to upā*ṃśu) S3Br.

i.e. become manifest , fulfilled , accomplished (as a word) MBh. ix , 1316
nir-ukta [L=109387]
 explanation or etymological interpretation of a word ChUp. viii , 3 , 3 MBh. i , 266 &c
nir-ukta [L=109388]
 N. of sev. works. , esp. of a Comm. on the nighaṇṭus by yāska.
(H1) mfn.
[L=109382]declared for (
[L=109383]explicitly mentioned or enjoined
[L=109384]containing the name of a god (as a verse)
[L=109385]distinct , loud (
[L=109386]interpreted
(H1B) n.
(H1B) n.
 nu
Whitney Roots links: nu1, nu2
nú 1 [p= 567,1] [L=111758]
 (in RV. also nū́ ; esp. at the beginning of a verse , where often = nú u) , now , still , just , at once

RV. AV. Br. Up.

RV. &c
567,2] [p= 567,1] [L=111758.3]
 Pa1n2. 3-2 , 121 Sch. (often connected with other particles , esp. with negatives e.g. nahí nú , " by no means " , nákir nú , " no one or nothing at all " , mā́ nú , " in order that surely not " ; often also gha nu , ha nu , in nu , nu kam &c [nū́ cit , either " for ever , evermore ; at once , forthwith " or , " never , never more " ; so also nū alone RV. vii , 100 , 1] ; with relat. = -cunque or -soever ; sometimes it lays stress upon a preceding word , esp. an interr. pronoun or particle , and is then often connected with khalu RV. &c ; it is also employed in questions , esp. in sentences of two or more clauses [cf. Pa1n2. 8-2 , 98 Ka1s3. ] where nu is either always repeated [ S3ak. vi , 9] or omitted in the first place [ib. i , 8] or in the second place and further replaced by svid , yadi vā &c , and strengthened by vā , atha vā &c ) [cf. 1. náva , nū́tana , nūnám ; Zd. nu1 ; Gk. νύ , νῦν ; Lat. nun-c ; Germ. nu , nun ; Angl.Sax. nu , nu1 ; Eng. now.]
nu 2 [L=111759]
 a weapon L.

L.
nu 3 [L=111761]
 navate (nauti with apa) , to go Naigh. ii , 14 : Caus. nāvayati , to move from the place , remove Shad2vBr.
nu 4 [L=111762]
nū cl.2.6. P. ( Dha1t. xxiv , 26 ; xxviii , 104) nauti , nuvati , (pres. also návate , °ti RV. &c ; p. P. nuvát , návat A1. návamāna RV. ; pf. nunāva Ka1v. ; aor. ánūnot , ánūṣi , °ṣata , anaviṣṭa RV. ; anauṣit,anāvit,anuvīt Gr. ; fut. naviṣyati , nuv° ; navitā,nuv° ib. ; ind.p. -nutya , -nāvam Br. ; inf. lavitum v.l. nuv° Bhat2t2. ) , to sound , shout , exult  ; 
praise , commend RV. &c &c : Pass. nūyate MBh. &c : Caus. nāvayati aor. anūnavat Gr.: Desid. nunūṣati ib.  ; 
Desid. of Caus. nunāvayiṣati ib. : Intens. nónavīti , nonumas (impf. anonavur Subj. návīnot ; pf. nónāva , nonuvur RV. ; nonūyate,nonoti Gr.) , to sound loudly , roar , thunder RV.
nu 5 [L=111763]
 praise , eulogium L.
nu 6 [L=111769]
nāvayati , to cause to be drawn into the nose Car. (cf. 3 nava).
nu 7 [L=111770]
ifc.) = nau , a ship BhP.
(H1) ind.
[L=111758.1]so now , now then
[L=111758.2]indeed , certainly , surely
[p= cf.
(H1) m.
[L=111760]time
(H1) cl.1 A1.
(H1) or
(H2) m.
(H1) Caus.
(H1) (
 no
nó* [p= 523,3] [L=102718]
 s.v.
nó* [p= 571,1] [L=112597]
 (fr. 2. ná u) and not RV. S3Br. MBh. Ka1v. &c (in later language also = na , " not " , for which it is generally used to suit the verse ; no* ce*d » under ce*d ; no* vā " or not ").
(H3) »
(H1) ind.
 padanuṣaṅga
pád--anuṣaṅgá [p= 583,1] [L=115201]
 anything appended to a pada or quarter of a verse S3Br. (cf. padā*nuṣ°).
(H3) m.
 pada
padá [L=115214]
 (rarely m.) a step , pace , stride

RV. &c (padena , on foot ; pade pade , at every step , everywhere , on every occasion ; trīṇi padāni viṣṇoḥ , the three steps or footprints of viṣṇu [i.e. the earth , the air , and the sky ; cf. RV. i , 154 , 5 Vikr. i , 19], also N. of a constellation or according to some " the space between the eyebrows " ; sg. viṣṇoḥ padam N. of a locality ; padaṃ- √dā,padāt padaṃ- √gam or √cal , to make a step move on ; padaṃ- √kṛ , with loc. to set foot in or on , to enter ; with mūrdhni , to set the foot upon the head of [gen.] i.e. overcome ; with citte or hṛdaye , to take possession of any one's heart or mind ; with loc. or prati , to have dealings with padaṃ ni- √dhā with loc. , to set foot in = to make impression upon ; with padavyām , to set the foot on a person's [gen. or ibc.] track , to emulate or equal ; padam ni- √bandh with loc. , to enter or engage in)

MBh. Katha1s. Pur.


RV. &c (padam ā- √tan , to spread or extend one's position ; padāt padam bhrāmayitvā , having caused to wander from place to place)

gen. or comp.) Ka1v. Pan5c. &c

L.

cf. dvi- , tri-)

R.

Inscr.

÷2 or 1÷3 or 3÷7 of a prakrama) Ka1tyS3r.

m. L. )

RV. &c
583,2] [L=115227]
taddhitas Pa1n2. 1-4 , 14 &c

 pada-pāṭha Pra1t.

N. of the P. and A1. Cat.


Col.

Su1ryas.

ib.

L. [cf. Gk. πέδον ;Lat. peda ; op-pidum for op-pedum.]
pada [p= 1330,1] [L=335490]
comp.)
(H2) n.
[L=115215]a footstep , trace , vestige , mark , the foot itself.
[L=115216]a sign , token , characteristic
[L=115217]a footing , standpoint
[L=115218]position , rank , station , site , abode , home
[L=115219]a business affair , matter , object or cause of (
[L=115220]a pretext
[L=115221]a part , portion , division (
[L=115222]a square on a chess-board
[L=115223]a plot of ground
[L=115224]the foot as a measure of length (= 12 or 15 fingers' breadth , or 1
[L=115225]a ray of light (
[L=115226]a portion of a verse , quarter or line of a stanza
[p= a word or an inflected word or the stem of a noun in the middle cases and before some
[L=115228]=
[L=115229]common
[L=115230]any one in a set of numbers the sum of which is required
[L=115231]a period in an arithmetical progression
[L=115232]a square root
[L=115233]a quadrant
[L=115234]protection
(H2) (in
 padanidhana
padá--nidhana [p= 583,2] [L=115273]
 having the nidhana (q.v.) at the end of every quarter of a verse (as a sāman) , Ta1n2d2Br. La1t2y.
(H3) mfn.
 padapūraṇa
padá--pūraṇa [L=115290]
 filling out or completing a verse Nir.
padá--pūraṇa [L=115291]
 the action of completing a verse L.
(H3) mfn.
(H3B) n.
 padavirāma
padá--virāma [L=115316]
 the pause after a quarter of a verse TPra1t.
(H3) m.
 padādi
padā* di [p= 583,3] [L=115356]
 the beginning of a verse or of a word Pra1t.
(H3) m.
 padāvagrāham
padā* vagrāham [p= 584,1] [L=115394]
 making a pause after every quarter of a verse AitBr. Vait.
(H3) ind.
 padya
pádya [L=115444]
(ā)n. (fr. 3. pad and pada) relating or belonging to a foot RV. Ka1t2h.

Pa1n2. 4-4 , 83 ; vi , 3 , 53. Sch.

ib. iv , 4 , 87 Sch.

pada in length or breadth Ka1tyS3r. (also in comp. with numerals ; cf. ardha- , daśa-)

padas or parts of verses Br. A1s3vGr2. RPra1t.

pada Ka1tyS3r. Sch.

APra1t.
pádya [L=115451]
 a śūdra L. (cf. paj-ja)
pádya [L=115452]
 a part of a word , verbal element RPra1t.
pádya [L=115454]
 a way , path , road L.
pádya [L=115455]
 a foot as a measure of length Ka1tyS3r.
pádya [L=115456]
 a verse , metre , poetry (opp. to gadya , prose) Va1m. Ka1vya7d. Sa1h. &c
pádya [L=115457]
 N. of sev. hymns.
(H2) mf
[L=115445]hurting or coming in contact with the feet
[L=115446]marked with footsteps
[L=115447]measuring a
[L=115448]consisting of
[L=115449]consisting of one
[L=115450]forming the end , final ,
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) m.
(H2B) n.
(H2B) n.
 padmabandha
padma--bandha [p= 584,3] [L=115644]
 an artificial arrangement of the words of a verse in a figure representing a lotus-flower Kpr.
(H3) m.
 paridhānīyā
pari-dhā́° nīyā [p= 596,1] [L=117760.6]
 (sc. ṛc) a concluding or final verse Br.
(H4B) f.
 paryāhāva
pary-ā-hāva [p= 608,2] [L=119852]
 a partic. formula which precedes and follows a verse ib. Sa1y.
(H2) m.
 pāṇigrahaṇamantra
pāṇí--grahaṇa---mantra [p= 615,2] [L=121448]
 a nuptial verse or hymn MBh. Hariv.
(H4) m.
 pāda
pāda [p= 617,2] [p= 617,1] [L=121865]
 (ifc. f(ā). , rarely f(ī).) the foot (of men and animals) RV. &c &c (the pl. sometimes added to proper names or titles in token of respect e.g. deva-pādāḥ , " the king's majesty " Pan5c. ; nārāyaṇap° , " the venerable nārāyaṇa " Sa1h. ; pādaiḥ ind. on foot [said of several persons]. R. ; °dayoḥ and °de- √pat , to fall at a person's [gen.] feet Ka1v. Hit)

AV. S3Br. MBh. &c

S3is3. xii , 21

aṅgulas) S3Br. S3rS. Ma1rkP.

Var.

MBh. Ka1v. &c

dṛteh pādāt , " from the bottom of a bag " v.l. pātrāt) MBh. v , 1047

ib.

S3Br. Mn. MBh. &c (pl. the 4 parts i.e. all things required for [gen.] Sus3r. )

A1ryabh. Sch.

Br. S3rS. Pra1t. &c

AgP. , the chapter of a book (orig. only of a book or section of a book consisting of 4 parts , as the adhyāyas of pāṇini's grammar).
pāda [p= 1330,2] [L=335990]
comp.)
(H2) m.
[L=121866]the foot or leg of an inanimate object , column , pillar
[L=121867]a wheel
[L=121868]a foot as a measure (= 12
[L=121869]the foot or root of a tree
[L=121870]the foot or a hill at the foot of a mountain
[L=121871]the bottom (
[L=121872]a ray or beam of light (considered as the foot of a heavenly body)
[L=121873]a quarter , a fourth Part (the fourth of a quadruped being one out of 4)
[L=121874]the quadrant (of a circle)
[L=121875]a verse or line (as the fourth part of a regular stanza)
[L=121876]the caesura of a verse
(H2) (in
 pādatas
pāda--tas [p= 617,2] [L=121915]
 from or at or near the feet (-taḥ- √kṛ , to place at the feet) , S3a1n3khGr2. Mn. Katha1s.

pāda (i.e. quarter of a verse) RPra1t.

Ka1m.
(H3) ind.
[L=121915.1]by the
[L=121915.2]step by step , by degrees
 pādapūraṇa
pāda--pūraṇa [L=121949]
 filling out (a verse &c ) , expletive RPra1t.
pāda--pūraṇa [L=121950]
 the filling out a line or the measure of a verse Pa1n2. 6-1 , 134.
(H3) mfn.
(H3B) n.
 pādavṛtta
pāda--vṛtta [p= 617,3] [L=122000]
 N. a svarita separated from the preceding udātta by a hiatus Pra1t.

 the 2 component elements of a verse i.e. the long and short syllable ib.
(H3) m.
[L=122001]du.
 pādaśas
pāda--śas [L=122004]
 foot by foot , quarter by quarter Mn. MBh.

Ma1nGr2.
(H3) ind.
[L=122004.1]verse by verse
 pādādi
pādā* di [L=122033]
ibc.) , the beginning of a verse
(H3) (
 pādādimadhyayamaka
pādā* di---madhya-yamaka [L=122033.1]
 paronomasia at the beginning and in the middle of a verse (as Bhat2t2. x , 15)
(H4) n.
 pādādiyamaka
pādā* di---yamaka [L=122033.2]
 paronomasia at the beginning of a verse (ib. x , 4)
(H4) n.
 pādādyantayamaka
pādā*° dyanta-yamaka [L=122033.3]
 paronomasia at the beginning and end of a verse (ib. x , 11) .
(H4) n.
 pādānta
pādā* nta [L=122040]
 extremity of the feet (°te , at a person's foot) Amar.

Pan5c.

(H3) m.
[L=122041]a claw
[L=122042]the end of a verse
 pādāntayamaka
pādā* nta---yamaka [p= 618,1] [L=122043]
 paronomasia at the end of a verse (as Bhat2t2. x , 3).
(H4) n.
 pitṛliṅga
pitṛ́--liṅga [p= 626,3] [L=124105]
 (scil. , mantra) a verse or formula addressed to the pitṛs L.
(H3) m.
 punaḥpada
punaḥ--pada [p= 634,1] [L=125810]
 " repeated verse or line " , a refrain Br.
punaḥ--pada [L=125811]
(ā)n. containing a repeated ib.
(H3) n.
(H3B) mf
 puronuvākyā
puro--'nuvākyā́ [p= 635,2] [L=126091]
 (sc. ṛc) an introductory or invitatory verse AV. TS. Br.
(H3) f.
 puronuvākyāvat
puro--'nuvā° kyā* -vat [L=126092]
 having an introductory verse S3Br.
(H4) mfn.
 puṣṭik